Solution 3 (a).

See text and/or instructor's solution manual.

Answer.   .  

Solution.   The formula for a circle with center      is

                    .  

Using the point      we have   .  

Therefore,  

                    .  

We are done.   

Aside.  We can let Mathematica double check our work.

We are really done.   

Aside.  We can graph some of the circles.  

                    The circles      for      are    

                    .

This solution is complements of the authors.

(c) 2008 John H. Mathews, Russell W. Howell