Example 4.22.   The infinite series  [Graphics:Images/ComplexPowerSeriesMod_gr_63.gif]  has radius of convergence [Graphics:Images/ComplexPowerSeriesMod_gr_64.gif] by the Cauchy-Hadamard formula.  We see this by calculating   

            [Graphics:Images/ComplexPowerSeriesMod_gr_65.gif],  so  

            [Graphics:Images/ComplexPowerSeriesMod_gr_66.gif],

hence  [Graphics:Images/ComplexPowerSeriesMod_gr_67.gif].  

Explore Solution 4.22.

Enter the formula for the coefficients.  There is a formula for the even subscripts and a different formula for the odd subscripts.

[Graphics:../Images/ComplexPowerSeriesMod_gr_68.gif]




[Graphics:../Images/ComplexPowerSeriesMod_gr_69.gif]

 

 

 

Use the Cauchy-Hadamard formula and find the radius of convergence R.

[Graphics:../Images/ComplexPowerSeriesMod_gr_70.gif]




[Graphics:../Images/ComplexPowerSeriesMod_gr_71.gif]

 

 

 

The series  [Graphics:../Images/ComplexPowerSeriesMod_gr_72.gif]  has radius of convergence  [Graphics:../Images/ComplexPowerSeriesMod_gr_73.gif]  by the Cauchy-Hadamard formula because   [Graphics:../Images/ComplexPowerSeriesMod_gr_74.gif].  

We can let Mathematica find the sum of this series.

[Graphics:../Images/ComplexPowerSeriesMod_gr_75.gif]

 

 

 

 

 

[Graphics:../Images/ComplexPowerSeriesMod_gr_76.gif]

 

 

 

Thus we see that f[z] is composed of two "infinite geometric series"  [Graphics:../Images/ComplexPowerSeriesMod_gr_77.gif], whose radius of convergence are  [Graphics:../Images/ComplexPowerSeriesMod_gr_78.gif], respectively. Hence the radius of convergence of f[z] must be  [Graphics:../Images/ComplexPowerSeriesMod_gr_79.gif].  

We can use Mathematica to compute the first few terms in the Maclaurin series for f[z] and compare them with the formula that was given.

[Graphics:../Images/ComplexPowerSeriesMod_gr_80.gif]




[Graphics:../Images/ComplexPowerSeriesMod_gr_81.gif]

 

 

 

We can plot some of the partial sums and see that they converge. Convergence will be faster if we choose a smaller disk [Graphics:../Images/ComplexPowerSeriesMod_gr_82.gif]  the following graphs use the smaller disk with  [Graphics:../Images/ComplexPowerSeriesMod_gr_83.gif].  

[Graphics:../Images/ComplexPowerSeriesMod_gr_84.gif]





[Graphics:../Images/ComplexPowerSeriesMod_gr_85.gif]

[Graphics:../Images/ComplexPowerSeriesMod_gr_86.gif]

[Graphics:../Images/ComplexPowerSeriesMod_gr_87.gif]

[Graphics:../Images/ComplexPowerSeriesMod_gr_88.gif]

[Graphics:../Images/ComplexPowerSeriesMod_gr_89.gif]

[Graphics:../Images/ComplexPowerSeriesMod_gr_90.gif]

[Graphics:../Images/ComplexPowerSeriesMod_gr_91.gif]

[Graphics:../Images/ComplexPowerSeriesMod_gr_92.gif]

[Graphics:../Images/ComplexPowerSeriesMod_gr_93.gif]

[Graphics:../Images/ComplexPowerSeriesMod_gr_94.gif]

[Graphics:../Images/ComplexPowerSeriesMod_gr_95.gif]

[Graphics:../Images/ComplexPowerSeriesMod_gr_96.gif]

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(c) 2006 John H. Mathews, Russell W. Howell